I also encountered this problem recently. The reason is that we set timeScale to an infinite value or a NaN value. Both cases may eventually lead to this error of yours and other errors as follows:
IndexOutOfRangeException: Index was outside the bounds of the array.
Spine.Animation.BinarySearch (System.Single[] values, System.Single target, System.Int32 step) (at Assets/Framework/Plugins/Spine/Runtime/spine-csharp/Animation.cs:100)
Spine.TranslateTimeline.Apply (Spine.Skeleton skeleton, System.Single lastTime, System.Single time, Spine.ExposedList`1[T] firedEvents, System.Single alpha, Spine.MixBlend blend, Spine.MixDirection direction) (at Assets/Framework/Plugins/Spine/Runtime/spine-csharp/Animation.cs:477)
or
IndexOutOfRangeException: Index was outside the bounds of the array.
Spine.Animation.BinarySearch (System.Single[] values, System.Single target) (at Assets/Framework/Plugins/Spine/Runtime/spine-csharp/Animation.cs:116)
Spine.AnimationState.ApplyAttachmentTimeline (Spine.AttachmentTimeline timeline, Spine.Skeleton skeleton, System.Single time, Spine.MixBlend blend, System.Boolean attachments) (at Assets/Framework/Plugins/Spine/Runtime/spine-csharp/AnimationState.cs:483)
Spine.AnimationState.Apply (Spine.Skeleton skeleton) (at Assets/Framework/Plugins/Spine/Runtime/spine-csharp/AnimationState.cs:255)
Infinity may be caused by division by 0.
NaN may be caused by 0 divided by 0, 0 multiplied by infinity, or it may be caused by trying to convert a non-numeric string to a float. For details, please refer to this wiki:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NaN#Operations_generating_NaN
I am writing here to share my experience, hoping it will be helpful to others in the future.